Monday, July 14, 2025

Scientists Unlock Secrets of Matter Under Extreme Conditions

Researchers are probing the secrets of matter by studying collisions like these captured by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. (Credit : Brookhaven National Laboratory)

Scientists have recreated the universe's first moments by smashing atomic nuclei together at near-light speeds, generating temperatures 1,000 times hotter than the Sun's core and briefly forming the same "soup" of fundamental particles that existed microseconds after the Big Bang. In this groundbreaking research, heavy particles act like tiny cosmic detectives, moving through this primordial matter and revealing how the chaotic early universe transformed into the structured reality we see today. By understanding how these massive particles behave under the most extreme conditions imaginable, researchers are essentially reading the universe's origin story written in the language of fundamental physics.



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